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Biography of Elizabeth Laird Winmill
Born 12 March 1855,
Irvin Parish, Scotland
God
could not be every place so he gave us a mother. An oral history compiled by her daughter Sadie Winmill
To the descendants of this elect lady who was desirous that through this history of her life she might instill in our hearts a desire to keep the commandments as she had kept them, was this narrative written. She asked me to record the history of her parents and her life for the betterment of her grandchildren then living and those yet unborn.
Doctrine and Covenants,
Section 68, verse 25: And
again, inasmuch as parents have children in Zion, or in any of her stakes which
are organized, that teach them not to understand the doctrine of repentance,
faith in Christ the Son of the Living God, and of Baptism and the gift of the
Holy Ghost by the laying on of hands when eight years old, the sin be upon the
heads of the parents." This law
was adhered to religiously by her. If
we transgress and keep not the law the sin cannot be placed upon her head. She taught and lived the gospel, and all her
children, with the exception of one or two, were baptized on their eighth
birthday.
Elizabeth Laird, daughter of
James Laird and Mary Rainey was born 12 March 1855 in Irvin Parish, Scotland.
Her parents accepted the
gospel in the early forties and at the time when she was born were considering
moving to America and making their home among the Mormons. For ten years her father had labored among
his friends and relatives preaching the gospel, and had completed a two year
mission just before she was born.
The family, consisting of
Father, Mother, two sons, and a baby one year old, set sail from Liverpool,
England, on the ship "Thornton",
arriving in New York City in April 1856. .After visiting at the home of our
Uncle John Laird in New York City, they traveled by rail to Iowa City, the
western terminus of the railroad.
Across the Plains By Hand Cart
An interesting letter on
this point is from Brigham Young to Franklin Richards in 1856, in which he
said:
"In regards to foreign
emigrants, for another year have them take the northern route through New York
and Chicago and land at Iowa City, the western terminus of the Rock Island
Railroad. They will be provided with
hand carts on which to haul their provision and clothing. We will send experienced men to that point
to aid them. They will have to walk and
draw their carts across the plains.
Teams will be provided to haul the aged and infirm. A few cows will be sent to furnish milk and
some for to provide them with meat on the road. Now gird up your loins and come while the way is open."
Eight months from the time
this letter was written 750 pilgrims pulled their carts into Salt Lake City,
September 1856. There were two
companies that started in July, now trying hard to reach Salt Lake before
winter set in. One of these was under
the Charge of Captain Willie and the other, the Edward Martin Company. They crossed the Mississippi River sometime
in August.
It was with the
Willie
Company
that
Grandfather Laird and his little family were assigned to
travel. With their provisions in the
hand cart and the baby girl, Elizabeth, strapped to grandmother's back and
their two small sons at their side, they started that long journey.
Unfortunately, an early
winter set in such had overtaken the Donner party in the Sierra Nevada
Mountains just ten years before.
The Willie Company consisted
of 500 souls, 120 carts, 5 wagons, 24 oxen, 45 beef cattle and cows. Traveling with these companies were the
wagon companies of William Hodgeth and Hunt.
Each company had about 200 souls, making in all 1400 souls.
The first part of their
journey was pleasant. Several days were
spent at Florence, Nebraska (then Winter Quarters). Here they repaired their carts and obtained supplies. The Company did not leave from here together
owing to lack of preparation. Captain
Willie started August 17 and Captain Martin a few days later. The wagon trains did not leave until September
2.
First, the Indians drove off
their beef cattle and then, when they were about 300 miles west of Winter
Quarters they escaped barely being trodden down by a herd of frightened
buffalo. The roads now were rough and
their hand carts became rickety. Much
rawhide had to be used to keep them so they could travel. Many axles were worn through before their
journey was half over. This caused much
delay. The nights became cold and at
Fort Laramie they obtained buffalo robes and more provisions.
They soon discovered that
they were to be faced with a food problem.
On October 12, they started on rations, ten ounces to each, and on the
14th another reduction was made, and again on the 19th the last ounce of flour
was doled out. To make matters more
severe snow was now falling and they had 18 inches on the level. They pushed on making camps at Sweet
Water. The Martin Company one hundred
miles behind was struck with the same storm and the wagon trains were so far
behind that they could not give assistance.
Here was a test for a sturdy
Scotch man. He was strong and healthy
and at all times used such good judgment.
When many crossed the streams without removing their shoes, Grandfather always removed his shoes and
stockings, rolled his pants above his knees and crossed the streams. After crossing he would carefully dry his
feet and legs and replace his stockings and shoes and that way came through
without a frozen part of his body. He
was very strong and always assisted the women and the children along the way.
Grandmother kept her baby from
freezing by strapping her to her body, also giving freedom to her so she could
help push the over-loaded handcart.
Their little sons Joseph and Edward, ages seven and four, suffered
greatly from want of food. Grandmother
said one day Joseph came to her with a piece of buffalo hide, imploring her to
eat it. "It is good," he
said. Even in her hunger she became
nauseated at the thoughts of eating such a dirty thing. She was very immaculate by nature, so her
trip was very trying on her sensitive feelings.
Grandfather loved his family
and many times after they were reduced to rations he would give his portion to
his babies and wife; he realized she was growing weak nursing her baby. Many were dying in their company, and
Grandfather was called to help bury them.
One morning Captain Willie said, "Brother Laird, we have a few more
to lay away this morning before starting." Grandfather, feeling he was getting weaker each day, said,
"I am afraid I can't use the shovel this morning." The Captain put his hand in his pocket and
brought out a handful of corn and said, "Eat this corn and come and help
us." Grandfather was about to eat
the corn and looking up saw his hungry family watching him. He put the corn into Grandmother's lap
telling them to eat. He turned around,
picked up his shovel, and bore testimony to it many times that strength came to
him then that remained during the rest of the journey.
A company of men bound for
Utah under the leadership of F. D. Richards passed the company on their road and
hastened into Salt Lake to report to Brigham Young the condition and asked him
to send help. The October Conference
was in session and, upon hearing the report of the emigrants, Brigham Young
called for volunteers to go rescue them.
Twenty teams each with experienced men and provisions left immediately
with voluntary contributions from people which had been collected. Women gave quilts, stockings, mittens,
underwear, and food. These were sent to the suffering souls.
When they arrived at one of
the forts, Grandmother, having a lonely set of baby clothes, traded them to a
Captain's wife for a quart of sugar. Of
this, she put into small pieces of cloth making them into the shape of a
nipple. These she would moisten in
water to feed the baby. In this way she
weaned her from the breast because in Grandmother's weakened condition the baby
was nursing blood from her body.
One night when they were
nearing a camp an old Scotch friend, Brother Booth, gave up about a mile out on
the desert. After making camp for his
family, Grandfather returned for Brother Booth and other weakened friends. He had to box men's ears to fire their blood
to keep them from freezing. Brother
Booth was so weak Grandfather carried him most of the way on his back. Wolves were howling nearby filling them
with fear along with their hard work.
Brother Booth used to sit by the fire in years after and tell this
story, always giving Grandfather credit for saving his life.
The rescue party could not
make good time because of the stormy weather.
After reaching Green River they sent Joseph A. Young and Angus Weelock
on ahead to let the emigrants know relief was near. When the rescue party arrived they had been out of food for 48
hours and were freezing. Food was doled
out, yet nine died that night.
William Kimball returned to
Salt Lake with the Willie Company and the others continued on to rescue the
other companies. It continued snowing
and the nights were very cold. Women
and children huddled around the fires while the men gathered wood to keep the
fires going and to try and dry their clothes.
The company finally reached
Green River where they were met again by relief trains and in November they
were welcomed by men at Fort Bridger.
Other wagons arrived with supplies November 9, 1856. Seven days later they arrived in Salt Lake.
They lost one-sixth of their
number upon the plains. but with hearts full of gratitude, the remainder
thanked God that they were at last safe in Zion.
The first night they arrived
in the valley
Leonard W. Hardy
provided Grandfather and family with a place
to rest and his adopted son
Richard [Winmill]
Hardy
carried baskets of food for this hungry family. The family learned to love this young lad
and when years after he asked for their daughter Elizabeth in marriage he was
soon accepted into their home and hearts.
The family remained in Salt
Lake City only a short time, they moved to Spanish Fork, then to Heber City,
then settled down in Parley's Canyon.
They were neighbors to one of Leonard Hardy's families. Here Elizabeth and Richard Hardy grew up
together.
Away in this isolated
district their advantages for school were very limited. Elizabeth's father had to think first of
providing a home, food, and shelter for his family. With the exception of a few months in school at Salt Lake City
and the instructions from an English girl, Francis Churchill, whom they
employed as an instructor and to assist Grandmother with the housework, this was
all the schooling Elizabeth received.
At nine years she was the
little nurse-maid and assistant to that overworked mother with her many new
babies born since they came to Utah.
Elizabeth was healthy and
large for her age and very dependable.
Many responsibilities were given her.
After the age of nine-ten she always did the washing for the family.
At the age of eleven when
Grandfather and Mr. Blithe took over a
railroad project, Elizabeth was employed as
cook. Besides cooking for twelve men, making
homemade bread, she rendered many pounds of tallow that was useful to take home
and make into soap.
The money she and her
brother Edward received from their work was used to purchase a team of oxen
that was so much needed for cultivation on their farm and to haul wood and
freight into Salt Lake City. When most
girls would have used money for new clothes her thoughts were for the future
success of her family. This characteristic
is very outstanding all through her long useful life.
At the age of 15, April 3,
1871, she became the bride of
Richard Hardy.
They now took his own name that was Winmill, his parents having died at
Council Bluffs, Iowa, when he was nine years of age.
He was never encumbered as
some men were with such things as milking, feeding chickens and pigs. This active little wife, besides rearing her
babies, took all this responsibility, leaving him free to go early and
late. And when I say early, I mean they
would rise at four or five and oft times he would be very late at night
returning from Salt Lake City, but they were true pioneers. They never had time for self pity or self
thought. They were building a home and
future for the spirits God entrusted into their care.
Besides caring for the
milking of the cow, Mother conceived the idea of making butter and cheese to
send into Salt Lake City with Father to sell.
She became very apt along this line and soon she had many customers
asking for her choice butter and would come out to her canyon home to receive
it.
I well remember seeing the
milk house she and Father built for this purpose. In those days when ice refrigerators were unknown, necessity
became the mother of invention. They
erected a square log building with rows of shelves to hold pans of milk. They placed large flat stones for flooring. A mountain stream or spring running just
back of the building was piped through the logs and would fall upon the floor,
causing the building to keep cool, then running through the opposite corner of
the building into the garden.
This old building was white
washed with lime, making it very sanitary.
One time at the
Z.C.M.I.
store they had purchased an over-supply of butter from their customers and it
was spoiling before they could dispose of it.
The manager of this store called for advice from Mother on how to save
it. She told him what was causing it to
spoil and how to correct it. They
followed her advice and saved the butter.
Besides this activity
she raised pet lambs that the herds of sheep left along the way as they passed
up the canyon. From these she would
receive wool of which she would wash, cord, and spin. She made clothes for both boys and girls as well as father's
suits. It can never be said of her that
she became rusty in any phase of activity.
While in the evening, waiting for father to return from freighting,
keeping his supper warm and after her babies were at rest, she would knit
stockings for every member of the family.
She became so apt at this after starting a stocking she did not need to
look at her work until at the turn of the heel. So, with her book open in front of her, she would read and knit
at the same time, thus educating herself.
Mother had a true knowledge
of the Gospel. I have often remarked
after studying the principles and ideas advanced by the authorities of the
church how and where did mother find time to learn all she did about the Gospel. There wasn't a principle she was not posted
on and of which she imparted into her family.
If in life we transgress and fall short of living as we should, blame
can never be placed at her door for not teaching us by word and deed the plan
of salvation. And in saying this of
her, I also say of Father: he was not a
public speaker, but the example of honesty, and living the golden rule to the
letter was as natural for them as to breathe.
One very strict principle was respect for authority in the church and in
the government.
Early in their life in this
isolated condition away from the heads of the church, fifteen miles east of
Salt Lake City, they saw a need for their children and other children to be
taught the principles of the Gospel.
They asked permission to conduct a Sunday School
In their two room log home
they were crowded for space, so each Sunday morning the furniture was moved and
the benches placed in to accommodate those who soon became interested.
From this small beginning a
Branch of the church was organized with Grandfather Laird as presiding
Elder. A log structure was later
erected which served the people of that community for many years. A school and amusement hall was also erected
later in which this little branch lived many happy hours together.
Mother became active in
Relief Society work, serving as counselor for many years. While in this capacity and at the age of thirty,
an experience took place that made her a relief worker among the needy and sick
the rest of her life.
It was election day; all
were at the little church casting their votes; when the Bishop called the
Relief Society sisters to one side and reported that one of their neighbors was
going to be confined and help from Salt Lake City was delayed. Turning to Mother, he said, "Lizzie, I
want you to go and deliver Sister Roach."
Mother was dumbfounded for a few minutes and began to protest. He said, "We will pray for you and you
will be successful." As she
accepted all calls from authority she accepted this like a soldier. When the Doctor arrived, a baby girl and the
mother were lying comfortably resting.
Upon examination the doctor reported everything in as good a condition
as if he had done the work himself.
This started her reputation as a
midwife and the needy from the neighborhood never
bothered to employ the services of a doctor when they could get Mother.
She remembered after this
happened about a prophecy that was made when, years before, and old Sister
Anderson had given her a blessing before one of her own confinements. Among other things in this blessing were
these words used, "You shall become a useful mother and midwife in the
community wherever you live, relieving the sick and suffering." This prophecy was fulfilled to the letter.
Mother made a covenant with
the Lord upon one occasion. If he would
bless her with health and success in the relief of the suffering she would give
of her time and talents with which he would bless her without charge to the
poor whenever called.
The Lord did his part and
she fulfilled hers.
Whenever a call was made
where people offered money for her services, she refused, saying, "My time
is for God's needy."
She did not keep the exact
record of the cases, but I figured they would reach up in
Many were the varied
experiences of her useful life.
Besides giving service to
others she gave birth to fifteen children as follows:
Mary
Jane Winmill
died at birth
Elizabeth
Ann
Richard
William
died 1956
James
Laird Winmill
died 1930
Ester
Smilinda
died 1908
Edward
Alexander
John
died 1912
Almina
Sophia Winmill
Harriet
Emily
died at 2 years
Valeria
Sarah
Wilford
Franklin
died 1905
Tacy
Luella
Lily
May
Viola
Maud
She delivered women in
childbirth and sat up long nights when only a few days prior to her own
confinement.
At one time she said that
she was forced to take one of her own children with her, when the child was
only a few months of age. The pangs of
labor cries from her patient awakened the child and Mother had two patients
instead of one. Her own child cried so
hard that they had to bring it to her side while she delivered her patient.
Death claimed a number of
her family during her life. She lived
to lay away seven of her children, her husband, father, mother, and all her
brothers and sisters.
She was a friend to all
those in sin as well as sickness. On
one occasion a motherless girl from Mt. Dell Canyon had gone from home seeking
employment in Salt Lake City. After a
short time she returned and was in trouble.
The neighbors were unable to appeal to the unfortunate girl and called
for Mother. When she arrived, the
frightened girl was hiding in the cellar.
Mother crawled into the dugout and when they came out she had the confidence
and story from the girl, and the girl was willing for mother to care for her. Mother immediately sent for the father of
the unborn child. She gained the
confidence of the boy and taught them the proper conduct to follow after making
such a mistake. The boy remained at the
home and performed the household duties while Mother confined and nursed the
girl who gave birth to a lovely baby girl.
As soon as the girl's mother was well they were married and the boy took
his wife away.
Years after, while walking
down the business district of Salt Lake City, a man and lady, accompanied by
children, came up and greeted Mother.
They had not forgotten her and the part she played in their lives. Turning to their eldest daughter, who was
now a beautiful young lady, they said, "Dear, to this lady you owe your
life. She saved you when you were
born. To you, Mrs. Winmill," they
said, "we owe our happiness."
In 1900 the city of Salt
Lake purchased the Parley Canyon Creek and farms surrounding for the erection
of a dam and power plant.
June 10, 1900, the family
bid farewell to this little home in which much joy mingled with sorrow had been
lived, to make a new home somewhere else.
I can still see an old lady, Sister Olsen (who was cared for by the
Relief Society of the ward) standing at her gate bidding a last farewell to
Mother who had been such a true friend for so many years. I think of the years a pail of milk, a pat
of butter, a few eggs or a loaf of bread was sent to this old sister by
Mother. Men and women who were boys and
girls during the time Mother lived in Parley's Canyon have told me of the happy
Sundays spent at her home. The crowd
was never too large that someone couldn't be pushed into a space at the table
for dinner and made welcome.
Just before her death in
1932, Fred Taggert, when passing through Sugar City, called at our home to let
his wife meet the "Mother" he had often told her of, who could
preside at a table of bread and milk with such hospitality that you forgot it
was only a humble meal and enjoyed it like a banquet.
None ever left her door hungry. Through this art of hospitality her life was saved on one occasion: an old man, an escapee from the Provo Sanitarium, imagined himself a real gentleman. He wandered from Provo to Parley's Canyon; being very hungry he was forced to beg for food and when a sandwich was passed to him it hurt his imaginary pride and he became violent, even to taking the life of one woman. He presented himself at mother's door; she and her babies were alone. The spirit prompted her to invite him in, of which she did; prepared a nice meal, invited him to the table which pleased him very much. He ate like one famished, arose, and with thanks and bows left her unharmed.
The first year or two in
their new home in
Idaho
was pioneering all over again. They purchased
a ranch five miles from Rexburg from James Eckersell.
When the family arrived in
June the folks had not vacated the house as yet and the family was forced to
live in tents until some time in July.
This was very hard on Mother who was expecting her fifteenth child in
September.
Then Father's health became
poorly and he was years getting back to normal. In this new locality mother was soon recognized for her ability
among the sick, so she carried on in both Relief Society and helping the poor. She went of course with the help of Father
for miles around caring for the sick.
Not only would she confine the patient but each morning she would spend
hours caring for the mother and baby for ten days. Many a time she would use her own horse and buggy going to and
from the place. Then she would return
and care for her own household.
It was a common incident for
Father to awaken us children to arise and help get one another ready for school
while he prepared breakfast because Mother had been called to the bedside of a
sick neighbor during the night.
In our new ward in Sugar
City, Sister Elizabeth Roberts chose mother as a worker in the Relief
Society. In this capacity she did much
good. Besides caring for the sick she
was given the responsibility to care for the bodies of those who passed away in
our ward. She would wash and dress them
and help to make their burial clothes.
One summer a few families
moved in the community for work in the sugar factory. One night a man came to get mother to help with his wife in
confinement; we told him he must engage a doctor and he said he had. So mother went to assist. On arriving at the home the father took the
other children upstairs to bed. Mother
began to get the patient ready. The
house was very unclean; no preparation had been made; there wasn't a clean
thing in the house with which to work.
Mother waited for the doctor but at last baby came; a neighbor lady was
sent for clean rags. Then the patient
took a violent hemorrhage.
Mother called to the man of
the house, but he had fallen asleep with the children. Mother dropped upon her knees and asked God
for help. A voice said, "Give her
flour and water." She ran to the
kitchen, mixed a spoon of flour and water and gave it to her patient and in a
few minutes the danger was over. A
doctor had never been engaged, he admitted, because he thought it was nonsense
to hire a doctor when she could do the work.
This was her first very dangerous case.
An unusual thing about her work she never lost one confinement case.
A southern family who had
moved into our community was quite a problem for her. The old man was one of those slow moving types. He would wait until the wife was almost in
labor before he would go to the neighbor to borrow a horse and buggy to come
and get Mother. By the time he got to
our house Mother knew they must hurry so she would take the lines and
drive. Then for ten days she would
drive her own horse and buggy because her own work had to be taken care of and
she just couldn't wait for him to get going.
The man and his wife had the habit of chewing tobacco and so mother was
forced to dodge a few times when they tried to dispose of their saliva out the
door. She immediately corrected that by
placing pans of ashes around the room giving orders for no more spitting on the
floor or at the door. When their last
baby came we refused to let mother go unless Doctor was engaged. The old man thought he had never heard of
such nonsense.
In the summer of 19__ she
was called to
fill a mission in the Madison Stake and was appointed to labor
with Sister Ella Hogg in the Salem Ward.
They took a horse and buggy and it took them almost three weeks to visit
every home in the ward. They did much
good and gained many new friends.
An outstanding characteristic
of her nature was forgiveness and not to look for petty things to be troubled
over. She did not have time for self
pity. This incident showed her
broad-mindedness. A family from Utah
purchased a large farm near us. They
had four sons and two daughters. Before
Mother had time to meet the family the youngest son began playing with my
younger brother. At threshing time the
boys like he remained all day playing around the machines without going
home. When a task was given to my
brother he helped. At night when he
returned home, he was taken to task; as an alibi he said he had been working at
Winmills. His brother wanted to know
what they paid him and of course he said nothing. Immediately the brother took the matter up and rode over to see
why we had worked the boy without pay.
Father felt that his dinner and supper was all he was worth, in fact he
had been a nuisance. But Father sacked
some grain and offered it to him to make peace. That rascal picked up the sack and threw is all over father. He called all the family all the bad names he
could think of and made false accusations about them. This bothered Mother and she tried in many ways to show the boy
he was wrong. One night his brother's
wife took sick in confinement and help from doctors could not be secured. The other neighbors, hearing of the case,
informed them that sister Winmill could easily take the doctor's place. They said, "Oh, no, she would never
come for us because my brother and they are enemies." Mrs. Evans said, "You do not know
Sister Winmill; that petty thing would never stand between her and her
duty." So Mother was called, only
too glad to return good for evil, not to make an example of them, but to restore
friendship.
The family became true
friends and the young man became humiliated, but never could face mother after
that. His abuse was gall to his
conscience.
Mother enjoyed living here
for she could better attend her church duties in which her whole soul was
wrapped up. Each Sunday morning, if not
caring for the sick, she would always attend Sunday School. If there were strangers in the ward she always
made it a point to meet them and welcome them into the ward. In
fast
services
she always bore a testimony to the goodness of the Lord to
her.
Brother and Sister Fred
Schwendiman, members of the ward, have said of her testimonies, "she was
unlike any other sister we have heard.
Some bear their testimonies each month but the same words are used. Sister Winmill had lived so much during the
month she had new things to tell us each time."
Mother was loved by children
as well as the aged. I have seen
children sit by the hour while she told them Indian stores. A while before she died a primary class came
to do her honor. The room was full,
they sang songs for her and gave her small gifts. Then they sat at her feet while she told them her last Indian
stories and pioneer experiences.
I shall never forget the
look upon one of her grandchildren's face when she was ill just prior to her
death. She wasn't recognizing anyone
for days and the little fellow was much concerned about it and stepped up to
her bed and placed his little hand upon her head and called her by name. She said "Hello, Preston,
dear." To have her speak to him
again filled him with such joy. She had
always paid much attention to him and he cold not think of her not being able
to know him. He only lived about three
years after she died.
Two years before her death
cataracts formed over her eyes, shutting out the vision of the world in which
she had lived such an abundant life. At
the side of the casket of her son who died in August 1930, she kissed him
farewell but could not see him.
Mother was full of
faith. Eight years before the death of
this son he had what the doctors pronounced pneumonia and gave him three to
five days to live. She remained with
him, telling him of the power of the Priesthood and how as a child he had been
saved from death and begged him to be faithful. With his consent she called in the Elders and he recovered and
lived well for eight years.
"God has accepted your life and its work and they are good."
Brother Hansen, a
patriarch
of Rexburg Stake, who had lived neighbors to her years
before, called daily to comfort her in her hours of sickness.
She was an outstanding
mother. At her death four sons-in-law
and three daughters-in-law said of her, "God never made a better
Mother-in-law."
December 11, 1932, she was
called home. Three sons and five
daughters were at her bedside. Funeral
services were conducted by Bishop Hugh Wright and C. O. Hamilton in the Sugar
City Ward Chapel. The services
consisted of: Music by Choir; Opening Prayer by Brother D. R. Harris; Speakers---James Blake, Fred Schwendiman,
Bishop Wright, Bishop Hamilton and Brother Hyrum Manwaring; Solo by Hazel Ogden Pincock, a
granddaughter. Her body was taken to
Salt Lake City for burial to be laid beside her husband and children.
Although she had been
away from Salt Lake City for 32 years, services were held in Joseph E. Taylor's
undertaking parlors for friends in Utah and the room was full. Bishop Henry Taggert of the Emerson Ward
presided and conducted; Prayer by
Richard Snelgrove; Speakers---Leonard
W. Hardy (foster brother of Richard Winmill), and John M. Knight, ex-president
of the Western States Mission under whom one of her daughters had labored upon
a mission; Benediction by her
son-in-law Joseph Ogden. Burial in the
Salt Lake City cemetery.
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numbers for she was
30 years old when she started and at the age of 70 (the doctors and her family
considered she was getting too old to be taking such responsibility alone) she
gave up her work.
