Human History and Human Origin

HUMAN ORIGIN

Frank History of Human Origin

Pre-History and Ancient History <a href="

http://frankpark.com" target="_self">http://frankpark.com</a>

In 1997, Science excavated Fossils of New Direct Human Ancestor in Abba, Addis,Ethiopia

160kyo New Homo Sapiens Skull believed to be direct New Human Ancestor.

Three Fossils of Archaic Homo Sapiens( 2 Adults and a Child ), 160 KYO, found to be the New Human Ancestors being found in 1997 in Ethiopia. These will replace 130 KYO Homo Sapiens Sapiens found in Africa (this will be second direct Ancestor) and African Eve possibly Homo Sapiens of 200 KYO, found in Africa, has lack of scientific Evidence.

Comments:

The Author deduces that the "African Eve" emerged around 200kya in Africa having been believed by us as the Forebear (Grand-grand mother ) is scientifically lack of solid basis, and the above Fossils record is the solid basis supporting the " Out of Africa hypotheses". But this does not signifies that Asian People or Asian Homo Sapiens descended from the above species, based on the Multi-Regionalism.

However, H. Sapiens Sapiens emerged in China in 70KYA and a part of this species moved to Australia, after independently evolved in Asia, not from African H. Sapiens Sapiens according to the DNA research of George Adcok of Australian National University. Around this age( 60/36 kya ) H. Sapiens Sapiens settled in Inner Mongolia region, and in the Australia (60/40kya).

But, later on, around 50/37KYA there is the fossils record that African H. Sapiens Sapiens of Africa migrated to Far East and S/Eastern Asia. Therefore, it is possible that this species inhabited or interbred with local Species and local H. Sapiens.

Based on these records, we are very difficult to define that our direct Ancestor of Ethiopian emerged in 160kya is the Ancestor to Modern Asian People, and maybe we could reconcile to accept it as the Forebear of Asian H. Sapiens Sapiens.
However, Ironically,Ehiopia has produced "African Lucy(3.5/3 million years ago)", "African Eve"(200KYA) and 160KYA New Direct Human ancestor as the above.
Comments by Frank K. Park on June 11, 2,003

Is African Eve Our Mother?
Refer to below link pages:<a href="

http://www.abbottloop.org/alconweb/i_c_r/afrieve.htm" target="_top>http://www.abbottloop.org/alconweb/i_c_r/afrieve.htm </a>

African eve
<a href="
http://www.mugu.com/cgi-bin/Upstream/Issues/evolution/eve.html"</a>

Eve is not scientific
Subject: Archaic Homo Sapiens surprised us

Date: 01/09/2,003

To: Readers of My History Book:

Though the Science already claimed that Homo Sapiens never ever evolved to Modern Humans, Now Science of 20th century D.N.A. experts upside-down this claim by replacing it with a claim that Homo Sapiens evolved into Modern Humans, as following:
Already Dr. Harding of Oxford University, based on 200KYO fossil of African Homo Sapiens or Homo Erectus by Betaglobin detection, stated that 800KYO African(perhaps Homo Erectus) is the common ancestor of all humans, and 200KYO(perhaps Late archaic Homo Sapiens) is the origin of Asian People, not from African Homo Sapiens Sapiens.
Milford Wolpoff is known to have stated that humans were evolved more or less simultaneousl and gradually around 2 million years ago in many regions (maybe he alludes for H. Erectus). Other source says Mr. Wolpoff stated that Modern Humans were evolved from local archaic Homo Sapiens in many places, Recently he emailed to me as to African Eve, I inquired him of origin of African Eve ermerged 200 KYA that "there is no African Eve".
Australian National University, George Adcock, says that Europeans and Australians evolved from from Homo Erectus and Neanderthal with input from African Homo Sapiens Sapiens over the time of 150KYA. Other says that according to skin pigment of Australians they are more related with African Homo Sapiens Sapiens and they are different with East/Northern Mongoloids or Chinese.
Other people suggest that Homo Sapiens of Africa, interbred in Europe and Asia, with pre-existed species in one million years ago in producing a single Species in each region.
Other source says Modern-man of 115/96KYO fossil at Qafzeh cave in Israel and 120/100KYO fossil of River Mouth and Border Cave in Africa are the products of Evolution of Homo Sapiens(source is unknown).
Christopher Stringer and Peter Andrews propose that Modern Human evolved from archaic Homo Sapiens, 100/200 KYA only in Africa and then some of them migrated into the rest of the old world replacing all of the Neandertals and other late archaic Homo Sapiens. And stated that Humans more rapidly and abruptly evolved in last 40/50 KYA due to the warmer climate begun after end of long cold period of 75 KYA(Ice age ended 13/14 KYA, and 4 phase of Ice Age begun 480/200 KYA) like Cro-Magnon emerged 25 KYA after interbreeding between Archaic H.Sapiens, African Homo Sapiens Sapiens, and Neanderthals around 40/50 KYA .....this is "out of Africa" model of Christopher Stringer and Peter Andrews.
The University of California of Mitochondria DNA claims that African Eve(Mitochondrial Eve) emerged 200KYA is the common Ancestor of Modern Humans. Someone says "African Eve" is the mother of Homo Sapiens. But Multi-Regional Model oppose it of "African Eve".
Mongoloids or Chinese, according to skin pigment, someone says they are related with European Modern Humans rather than African Homo Sapiens Sapiens. Dr. Harding, Oxford Univ., found that Human Betaglobin gene is widely distributed in Asia 200KYA but not in Africa. Also someone says Chinese characteristics can be seen in Asian archaic Homo Sapiens dating 200KYA, like H. Erectus, East Asian today commonly have Shovel-shaped incisors while Africans and Europeans rarely do.
The Majority of DNA experts nowadays claim that African Homo Sapiens Sapiens interbred with Neanderthals and archaic Homo Sapiens in producing Modern Europeans in 50/60KYA(support by Univ of Kansas, Hamburg Univ., and Washington Univ.of Alan Templeton).

Alan Templeton says on a new computer based analysis of 10 different Human DNA sequences indicated there has been interbreeding between people living in Asia, Europe, and Africa for at least 600, 000 years.
By Frank K. Park
Copy right is reserved by auth

Turkey region incl. Anatolia and Ammenia is a cradle of oldest Human Culture

Catal Huyuk Cluture,earliest Human Cultue, known to have existed between 8,000 and 6,200 BCE became extinct by unknown causes either by the colder climate or by the Noah's Flood. The author deduces this was wiped out by this flood, then New Culture settled in 1,600 B.C.
However, according to DNA research of late 20th century, some of them might have survived in Armenia region from the Noah's Flood according to the history of Armenia (This people also known to have settled in Armenia around 8,000 B.C.). This Culture is known to be an oldest Human civilization established in the world.

The origin of Chatal Hyuk Culture in Anatolia (current Turkey) where first Village of 13 hectares size emerged around 7/8000 years b.c.

Race of Europeans and relationship with Homo Sapiens Sapiens

This is the updated Summary of the Ethonological Human Origin regarding the Race of Modern Europeans.
(November 6, 2,002)
Based on the gathered evidences on the following:

1) Armenian History stated that some of its people survived in the time of Noah's Food, since they lived in high plateau

Note: the Mount Ararat in Armenia,where Noah's Ark landed on the 7,000 ft.high,Mountain extreme situated in current Eastern Turkey,near the border of western Armenia, and Iran.

2) The Bible, Gen. 6:2/4 metions that Seth(3rd Son of Adam)/Cain (who slew Abel,2nd Son of Adam),first son of Adam, interbred between them or Sons of Adam interbred with men, maybe possibly Homo Sapiens Sapiens, though its interpretation is rather difficult on the clauses: "The Sons of God saw the daughters of men and they took them wives of all which they chose", in the time before the Noah's Flood taking place

3) The Y Chromosome DNA research detected European Homo Sapiens Sapiens to have been existed 35KYA/20KYA by testing 800 men of Contemporary Europeans performed by Mr. Bryan Sykes.

The author found from the above factors the common basis that the contemporary Europeans have the genes of Homo Sapiens Sapiens.

Therefore I came to the conclusion that Europeans have some genes of Homo Sapiens Sapiens and Neanderthals which interbred with them around 50/28KYA in producing Cro-Magnon People emerged in 25KYA, and Sons of Adam existed after the Noah's Flood. Of course, the majority of Europeans including the Homo Sapiens Sapiens and Sons of Adam were extinct by this flood except few Armenians and Noah's family.

The Stone Architecture of Ancient Egypt

1. A Great Pyramid of Khufu (Saqqarah Pyramid) located at near Cairo, step pyramid, most famous and best preserved, built in 2,737/2,717 B.C., largest and oldest pyramid, 480 ft high with a square base measuring 756 ft on each side, and is a seven wonders of the world

2. Khafre Pyramid, built in 2,530 B.C., 446 ft. high

3. Menkaure Pyramid...no specific information available.

4. Sphinx (a Statue), a monster with Head and Breast of a Woman, and the body of lion , built in 2,565 B.C. or earlier,66 ft. high, 240 ft. long

These are seemed not having been destroyed by Noah's Flood.

Saqqara Pyramid built in 2737/2717 b.c.

1. A Great Pyramid of Khufu(Saqqarah Pyramid) located at near Cairo, step pyramid, most famous and best preserved,built in 2,737/2,717 B.C.,largest and oldest pyramid, 480 ft high with a square base measuring 756 ft on each side, and is one of seven wonders in the world

Khafre Pyramid built in 2530 b.c.

2. Khafre Pyramid,bult in 2,530 B.C., 446 ft.high

HISTORY OF HUMAN ORIGIN AND ANCIENT HISTORY

Who is your Ancestor? How and when the Human emerged?

How Human history started :

GOD are being found to have created Human like animals many times before 4,105 B.C. so called Primate Men and Modern Men, and Experimental Men created in 4,105 B.C. Adam and Eve ) according to the bible, the paleontology, archaeology and anthropology.

54 Million years ago: Birds, Vultures, Whale, Horse, and some other animals appeared.
35 million years ago: Apes and Monkeys appeared.
20 million years ago: Ramapithecus species appeared (first branch from line of Apes).

5 million years ago: Australopithecine appeared (human-like apes in South Africa). This species started the evolutionary transition toward the Genus Homo(human kind)
TIME LINE OF HOMINID EVOLUTION:

1) Australopithecine (Hominines): 5 mln.yrs.ago. Humanlike Apes of Southern Africa.
Ardipithecus Ramidus: The earliest Hominines fossil of 4.4 mln.yrs ago. Upright walk. Resembles to Australopithecine. More Apelike animal. It's not linked to Genus Homo line.

2) A. Afarensis: 4/3 Mln.yrs. Ago.

3) A. Africanus: 3.5/2.4 mln.yrs. Ago.

4) Hominid: 3.5 mln yr. ago ( Family of Apes ).

5) Homo habilis: 2.5 mln.yrs. ago

6) Homo Ergaster: 2/1.8 mln yr. ago.

7) Homo Erectus: 1.8 mln. yr. ago

8) Homo Sapiens: 500,000 yrs. ago

9) Neanderthals: 500,000 yrs. Ago.

160KYA: New Human Direct Ancestor( Homo Sapiens ) emerged in Addis, Ababa, Ethiopia (Three Fossils excavated in 1997 ). Go to Link page: <a href="
http://frankpark0.tripod.com/fossilskullsofferfirstglimpseofearlyhumanfaces.html"target="_top">
http://frankpark0.tripod.com/fossilskullsofferfirstglimpseofearlyhumanfaces.html</a>

10) Homo Sapiens Sapiens (Modern Human): 130,000 to yrs. Ago.

Classification of Hominids:

(1 ) HOMINIDAE>> Hominid>>> Homininae>>Hominines) >> Hominines>>>homo ergaster>> Homo Erectus>>Homo Sapiens>>end of evolution>

( 2) Homo Ergaster>>>Homo Erectus>>Homo Sapiens Neanderthals (Neanderthals) > end of evolution.

Note: The science is skeptical about identification of species of Australopihecines family, especially for A. Afarensis. ( Hominid means the family of Great Apes and Human ) (Note: "A" below stands for Australopithecus.).

( 3) Finally Modern Humans( Homo Sapiens Sapiens) emerged and the origin of this species is not known by the Science neither by the Archaeology and by Anthropology up-to-present.

Australopithecine started evolution around 5 million years ago.
The Archeology, Anthropology, and some Scientists accepted this assumption. It split into two species lines:

(1) Genus Homo (Human like species) evolved toward Homo Habilis and toward final Homo Sapiens (Human like animal),
while
(2) The other line of this species evolved into Robust Australopithecine and Hominines including the descendants of Homo Habilis and A. Robustus finally became extinct about 1.5 million years ago.

DNA ANALYSIS:

CHIMPANZEE AND GORILLA: Blood type: "A", "B", and "O" Chromosome: 48 (human: 46)

(A) MULTI-REGIONAL EVOLUTIONARY CONTINUITY MODEL:

According to DNA analysis on the African Homo Sapiens(200k years old) or Homo Erectus, detected with the Nuclear DNA method by Dr. Rosalind M. Harding of Univ. of Oxford, she found as follow:

(1) African(800 KY old) is common ancestor of Modern Human by the Beta-Globulin-Gene Test. It alludes for Homo Erectus )

(2) Asian Origin is 200ky old (Beta- Globulin Gene), based on the theory of Dr. Harding (UK) specialized for Nuclear DNA Analysis (1997), and she supports the MULTI REGIONALISM meaning the species evolved independently in each region. She also said that African Homo Sapiens migrated to Asia 200k years ago, then Asian Homo Sapiens started splitting toward Europe and Africa and rest of Asia for regional evolutionary process and interbreeding with other species like Neanderthals.
The Multi-regional- evolutionary- continuity was originally initiated by Milford H. Wolpoff, Univ. of Michigan. Some people assumed that Homo Sapiens in Africa, Asia, and Europe interbred in one MLN. years in the past to evolve collectively as a single species. The various men in the world derived from even older ancestors of Homo Sapiens.
However, the science is irreconcilable with both of Mr.Wolpoff and Dr. Harding because Homo Sapiens, according to the science discovery, had never evolved into Homo Sapiens Sapiens. This Issue is under great debate is not yet solved. But the Major science accepts the interbreeding theory.
Comments:
However, this Author deduces that Asian Modern Men descended from Homo Sapiens, while Modern Europeans emerged about 25kya after African Homo Sapiens and African Homo Sapiens Sapiens interbred with Neanderthals in Europe around 4/5 mln years ago in producing Cro-Magnon People( Homo Sapiens Sapiens ). But it seems Asian Homo Sapiens had never interbred with Neanderthals.

1) Archaic Homo Sapiens(400KYO) = Early Archaic Homo Sapiens.

2) Archaic Homo Sapiens (200/100 KYO ) = Late Archaic Homo Sapiens.

3) Anatomical Modern Humans (African Homo Sapiens emerged in 130/100 KYA in Africa to the present) = Homo Sapiens Sapiens. Some Scientists stated that the course of evolution of Homo Sapiens to Homo Sapiens Sapiens is unknown. But Nowadays Majority of DNA Experts claimed Homo Sapiens is the origin of Modern Human.

(B) OUT-OF AFRICA HYPOTHESIS:

This means that Modern Human originated in 130/200 KYA in Africa and spread from there to the world in less that 100 kya. This was undermined by the Multi-regionalism. But its Model was supported by John H. Relethford.
But at the present, Three Fossils of Homo Sapiens, 160kyo, excavated in Ethiopia (around 1997), the Scientists examined many years announced on June 11, 2,003 that this species is the "DIRECT ANCESTOR OF MODERN MAN" (NOT AN AFRICAN EVE because scientifically she is lack of solid evidence . Dr. Milford Wolpoff also does not recognize her existence.

(C): Another Model of Hypothesis:

Homo Sapiens Sapiens descended from a single African populations living in 100/200 kya and trekked into ASIA. From Asia it further splits, migration to other regions, and occasional interbreeding between human groups, announced by R.L. Cann, Univ. of Hawaii. This Model is similar to the Multi-regional model.

(D): DNA RESEARCH IS IN DILEMMA:

The DNA ANALYSIS performed on the fossils is not quite accurate according to the Experts and is still in the debates among them.

(E) : NEANDERTHALS:

This species conflicted to the science that some say that Modern Humans, especially the Cro-Magnon people interbred with Neanderthals in Europe, while other experts believe that this species had never interbred with Modern Humans unconvincingly. Neanderthal has a deep-eye socket and high nose. However, Homo Sapiens Sapiens of Asia seems that it didn't interbreed with Neanderthals according to the outlook of face. But it seems that European H. Sapiens Sapiens might did it based on its outlook and closely similar to Neanderthals comparing with Cro-Magnon species.

THE PARTICULAR EVENTS OF EVOLUTION AND PRE-HISTORY (ANNALS)

Homo Sapiens means wise man or Human. One thing we note that this Primitive Humans are not real human except the species of Homo Sapiens Sapiens. The modern science is known to have been not certain in interpreting of fossils of

Australopithecine (Australopithecus), ape like human, though the archaeology and some Scientists believe it to be as the Human Ancestor, is African Great Apes.

5 million year ago: Australopithecine emerged and evolutionary transition began.

4.4 million year ago: Ardipithecus Ramidus emerged. The Earliest Hominine species; resembles to Australopithecine; up right walking. This species not linked to the Homo.

4/3 million years ago: Australopithecus Afarensis emerged, a species of later Australopithecus (hominines).

3.6/3 million years ago: First Primitive Woman called as "AFRICAN LUCY", Human like species of Australopithecus, emerged in Hadar in Ethiopia (Oldest Skeleton )

3.5 to 2.5 million year ago: A. Africanus being found in North Vaal river, north/west of South Africa (Descended from the above). It evolved to Genus Home line.

3.5 Million year ago: Hominid (Apelike -- tree dwellers), appeared. Its female lost Estrus. It started using tools.

2.5 million year ago: Homo Habilis, a Hominines species (handy man) emerged and started evolution.

2 to 1.5 million year ago: Homo Rudoifensis(more advanced homo habilis), the Handy Man, appeared (descended from early Australopithecus and later Genus Homo). The science believes this species is an ancestral line to human line, but is not certain yet.

2.1 millions year ago: Homo Ergaster (Hominines ) emerged in Africa. it's ancestor is unknown

2.0 million years old: Genus Homo (Hominines) descended from A. Robust was found. It became extinct about 1.5 MYA.

2 million year ago: Homo Erectus found in Java, Indonesia, and Kenya (last finding in 30,000 years ago).
The science believes Homo Erectus first appeared around
1.8 million year ago. This species descended from Homo Ergaster from Africa. Homo Ergaster descended from a more advanced Hominine having been found in Africa and Asia. Then it was named as Homo Ergaster, but science is not certain where it came from. Others assume this species came from Homo Habilis but not certain. Any way, Homo Erectus started spreading from Asia to Africa, Asia, and Europe. This species died out in 300,000 years ago.

1.7 million years ago : The Peking Man (Homo Erectus) being found by new dating method in China and also 500,000 year old fossil of Homo Erectus being found.

1 million to 800,000 year ago: Latest New fossils found in Spain and Archaeology named it as "HOMO ANTECESSOR" assumed to have branched off from H. Egaster which also assumed to have descended from H. Habilis. This spicies is assumed to be direct ancestor to Homo Sapiens Sapiens and grandfather to Neanderthals...but scientifically not certain.

900,000 year ago: Homo Erectus migrated to Europe.

700,000 year ago: Hominines (from Australopithecus) found in Spain, South France, South-central Europe.

800 KYO African Human: was detected by Dr. HARDING as the above.

500,000 year old: Neanderthals appeared in China descended from Homo Erectus. The science thinks Neanderthals and Early Homo Sapiens are ancestor to modern humans, but other scientists say "NO".
500,000 year ago: Homo Sapiens and Neanderthals diverged from H. Erectus ( By Mitochondria DNA Analysis from Neanderthal skulls).
500,000 year ago: Also Homo Sapiens first appeared in Java(Java Man) close to modern man descended either from Homo Ergaster or from Late Homo Erectus(hominines) found. Science says it came from Homo Ergaster). They later predated Neanderthals. This species is not the ancestor to modern human.
500,000 year ago: Homo Erectus found in central Java, Indonesia and China.

400,000 year ago: Again found Homo Erectus using fire in China.
400,000 year ago: Wandering hunters of Homo Sapiens found in German forest (by German history)

300/200kya: Homo Sapiens evolved from H. Ergaster in Africa. And it moved to Middle East, Europe, and Asia, to replace Homo Erectus. Also 300K/200K YR. old Fossil found in Europe.

290KYO/140 KYO: MODERN EVE (Homo Sapiens ) was traced back, based on the AFRICAN EVE (fossil of 200,000 years old ) on which the mt-DNA Research conducted by Rebecca Cann, Mark Stoneking, and Allan Wilson. And they think that this species departed Africa between 90KYA to 180KYA. Based on this data, other Expert estimates that this species settled in the region of Modern Lebanon and Israel, from which they invaded the rest of the old world and created all modern population. and destroyed pre-existing group. It maybe links this species with the Israeli fossil of Homo Sapiens Sapiens found around 100KYO but not sure.
Other Experts say that this one Model of Modern Human over another is not reconcilable. A Nuclear DNA Expert, John Armour and his colleagues says that mt-DNA fits with the development of Modern Human in Africa and an emigration by a small number of them that became the basis for non-African populations. These observations, they say, are more difficult to reconcile with a Multi-Regional Model for the origin of Modern Human in the Europe.

270 KYO MODERN ADAM was detected by Y-CHROMOSOME-DNA Research performed by Mr. ROBERT DORIT. But, a Nuclear DNA Researcher, Mr. John Armour would not reconcile this with the Multi-regional Model.

200 KYO: Homo Sapiens or Homo Erectus (Beta-globulin gene) widely distributed in Asia contributed to Modern-Human- Gene Pool, but it differs with African H. Sapiens which also differs with Eruopen Homo Sapiens. This species originally migrated from Africa to Asia. Then it moved to Europe, Africa, and rest of Asia for independent evolution in each region, Dr. Harding said convincingly. Also she told us that African is the base for Non-African populations, but its species is difficult to reconcile with Multi-regionalism for arising of Modern Humans in Europe and in Asia. Milford Wolpoff advocates that Asian people being evloved from the local- archaic Homo Sapiens (dated 200 KYA ) in Asia, and as well Europeans were evolved from the local Homo Sapiens more or less simultaneously.

200,000 YR. Ago: Homo Sapiens Neanderthals were found in the Neander, Neander Valley,Germany.

200,000 YR OLD ASIAN HUMAN (maybe Homo Sapiens or H. Erectus ) : was detected by Dr. Harding as the above.

Big News:
160,000 years old New Human Ancestors were found in Ethiopia (Homo Sapiens) and the Scientists of DNA Expert believe these are direct Ancestors to Modern Man.
Ironically Ethiopia is the cradle of Human Origin in producing "African Lucy", "African Eve", and "our direct ancestor(160KYA) of the above.
150kya: Homo Sapiens Neanderthals (Neanderthals ) appeared in Europe ( become extinct 30Kya replaced by H. Sapiens Sapiens in Europe), and a part of Asia, and Middle East.

150,000/200,000 year ago: Homo Sapiens appeared in China.
130,000 year ago: Homo Sapiens Sapiens (complete modern-man's skull) first time emerged in Tropical Africa whose original source is not yet explained by the science (complete Modern Man's skull). But, the science says that Homo Sapiens is not identical with Modern Human or H. Sapiens Sapiens. Molecular Biology and Archaeology together mentioned that this species dated between 200/150 kya. Since first Direct Ancestors of Ethiopian Fossils of Homo Sapiens (160kyo) emerged in 20th century, this species will become as a second direct ancestor.

130K/50KYA: Fossils of the mixture of H. Sapiens Sapiens and Neanderthals found in Tabun Cave in Mt. Carmel, Israel. Similar to Cro-Magnon people.

120,000 year ago: Neanderthals re-appeared in Europe and Middle East( until 30,000 or 40,000 years ago, then it became extinct).Also Germany History stated that Neanderthals inhabited there until 30kya (Earlier than 8,000 B.C. Another Neanderthals also being found in England.)

100,000 to 45,000 year ago: Homo Sapiens Sapiens of Africa migrated to Near East and Europe (by fossils). It is based on the hypothetical theory of Out of Africa ). Its relationship with the Cro-Magnon people and H. Sapiens Sapiens in Europe is not clear.

100 KYA: The fossils of the mixture of Neanderthals and H. Sapiens Sapiens were found in Skhukul Cave in Israel. Many think that they interbred each other.

90,000 year ago or earlier: Homo Sapiens Sapiens of Africa appeared in North East in Africa (by fossil).
Note: 480 to 200 millennia ago: Ice Age Phase-4 begun. 14,000/13,000 YA: Ice Age ended.

70,000 YR. ago: HOMO SAPIENS SAPIENS again appeared in CHINA. Some Researchers believe that it independently evolved to Modern Human
(by fossils) based on the multi-regionally evolutionary hypothesis.

60/36K YR. ago: Modern Homo Sapiens (Homo Sapiens Sapiens )appeared in Inner Mongolia in China (by Fossils). Some of them maybe migrated to Turkey region.

60 KYA/40 KYA: Homo Sapiens Sapiens (MUNGO man-a skeleton) settled in Australia from Asia. Mr. George Adcock, Australian National Univ., claims that this species is genetically unrelated to Africans , and is first modern human evolved in Australia, not Africa. And he says that the theory of African Eve is wrong.

50 KYA: First time Archaic Homo Sapiens Sapiens appeared in Europe (appeared to have interbred with Homo Sapiens ). Then the Modern Humans (Homo Sapiens Sapiens) diverged about 40KYA. It took 10,000 year period in which H. Sapiens Sapiens co-existed and interbred with Neanderthals in producing the Cro-Magnon species around 28 KYA. (Based on the theory of the Middle Groups Argumentative Assessment). However, the exact origin or Ancestor of HOMO SAPIENS SAPIENS IS in the question due to the fact that the Science found Homo Sapiens Sapiens was not diverged from Homo Sapiens. Author deduces that African H. Sapiens Sapiens might interbred with local Homo Sapiens and Neanderthals.

50,000 year ago: Afghanistans (Afghans) found to have started living, according to Archaeological Records. Their species is unknown. Perhaps: Homo Sapiens Sapiens.

50,000/37,000 YR. ago: Homo Sapiens Sapiens( from Africa ) appeared in FAR EAST and S/E of Asia (by fossils). Out of Africa hypotheses.
50,000 year ago: Hominines (manlike), Genus Homo, found in Australia.
50,000 year ago: Neanderthal skeleton found in Iraq.

45/40 kya: Homo Sapiens Sapiens found in Western, Eastern, and Central Europe, and Mongolia (by Fossils-DNA).

43.2 Kya : Homo Sapiens Sapiens of Siberia found in Kara Bom in Altai Mt. Region (by fossils).

43,000 YR.ago: H. Sapiens Sapiens of Africa migrated to Eastern Europe ( by stone tools ). But it is not convincing.

40,000 YR. ago: H. Sapiens Sapiens of Africa also migrated to Western Europe ...found by the stone tools.(Hypothesis) Also not convincing.

40,000 YR. ago: Neanderthals appeared in the Basins of South of Dant Deniper River, east of Ural Mountain.

40,000 year ago: SERBS ( Slavic tribe ) lived in the caves in the BALKAN REGION. This species was the Homo Sapiens. The Science confirmed they shaped stone and Bones into weapons. Thereafter they became extinct due to severe cold weather around 25,000 B.C. However, Unknown Species (perhaps Homo Sapiens Sapiens ) established the LEPEN WHIRL CULTURE around 7,000/5,500 B.C. and the Neolithic culture expanded to North and South of Sava and Danube rivers between 5,300 BC to 3,200 BC at sites of STARCEVO(near Belgrade in present Serbia )and VINCA, Thessaly, ancient Greece (discovered by the Archaeology) But, people from Antolia and Pannonia (using Metal tools or weapons ) took over the VINCA community to start new human history.

35,000 yr. ago: Mongoloids (Homo Sapiens Sapiens) called DYUKHTAI people settled in Aldan-river Valley, N/E of Baikal Lake in central Siberia (fossils).

35/30 Kya: Earlier Mousterian (Neanderthal's culture) spread central Mongolia and East of Lake Baikal.

35Kya/ 20kya : Modern Europeans (Homo Sapiens Sapiens ) emerged in Europe ( by testting 800 Modern Eruopeans with the DNA "Y" CHROMOSOME by Mr. Bryan Sykes). It has five groups. 4 of 5 groups found Modern Europeans arrived around 35KYA or 20KYA, and last 1 of 5 groups is 10KYA respectively. The identity of this species was not specified. But, it means Caucasians.

33 K year old: Homo Sapiens Sapiens found in Czech ( Mladec in Czechoslavia).

30/20,000 yr. ago or earlier: The above DYUKHTAI people(Mongoloids) crossed the icy bridge on the Bering strait into Alaska (by Archaeology).

30K years old : Homo Sapiens Sapiens found in Australia, and Sri Lanka( earlier than 25K yrs.ago) A Expert says that that time Australia was linked with Asian continent.

26K/11K YA: The Pro-to-type of Mongololids found in Asia (North East of China (by fossils).

25,000 to 10,000 year ago: Cro-Magnon (Homo Sapiens Sapiens), Cave Dwellers, found in more than 200 caves in Spain and France. Many believe this Modern Human is the origin of current European people of Caucasian. What about Adamic (Adam) race or Noah's descendants? Also, Indo European People were mentioned that they are Caucasians by the Bible and the History proved it. Perhaps this species became extinct by the Noah's Flood, the author deduces it. Only few people were survived in Armenian Plateau according to the Armenian History, and Sons of Noah and Noah. Anyway they are Caucasians.

25,000 to 30,000 year ago: Pacific Islanders migrated to New Guinea, and Philippines from Asia (Source of history is unknown).

25,000/20,000 year ago: Modern Homo Sapiens (H.Sapiens Sapiens) again found in China, in upper caves. They maybe evolved from Local Homo Sapiens (by fossils).

24 Kya: A Child Fossil seemed to have been interbred between H.S.S. and Neanderthal was found in Lapedo Valley.

20 KYA: The Modern Human, Homo Sapiens Sapiens, found in Europe according to the mt-DNA Analysis performed by Mr. Brian Sykes, Mark Stoneking, and Allan Wilson.
NOTE: END OF ICE AGE: 14KYA/13KYA .

12,000 BC : First Americans, HOMO SAPIENS SAPIENS (Mongoloids ) found in North America.

10,000 BC : Nomadic San People (Homo Sapiens) found in Africa( by African history.

12,000/11,000 yr. ago: Homo Sapiens Sapiens appeared in North and South China (fossils).

As the above Picture shows the origin of Chatal Hyuk Culture in Anatolia(current Turkey) where first Village of 13 hectares size emerged around 7/8000 years b.c.

10,000 year ago: The people started planting and animal breeding in Jericho, Jordan, and Tehuacan Valley in Mexico. Domestication of animals spreaded also to Iran,Thailand, and Ukraine until 4,350 B. C.

10,000 year old: An old Abuhureyra farming village in Syria were found ----earliest People to cultivate the Wild Cereal Grasses. Maybe by Homo Sapiens Sapiens.

10,000 year ago: Asians(JOMON people) migrated to Japan and created the Jomon Culture of Pottery (BY DNA RESERACH ).

10,000 year ago: Europeans emerged in the Europe (Homo Sapiens Sapiens ), by testing 800 modern Europeans with the DNA Y CHROMOSOME by Mr. Bryan Sykes. It has five groups. 4 of 5 groups found Modern Europeans arrived around 35KYA OR 20KYA, 1 of 5 groups is 10KYA respectively.

Re: Armenia:
8,000 B.C. : People settled in Armenia region. Nowadays, the Armenian History claims that it race is an oldest in the Middle East and Europe. A confederation of local tribes flourished as the unified State, "URARTU," around 1,300 BC/700 BC. Its culture made Ceramic-wares, Temples, palaces. . Its people known as they came from the East Euphrates river (Mesopotamia) and settled in the wide regions of Asian Minor (E. Euphrates river, N/E Turkey and a part of Iran in Armenian highland around the Van Lake. Some people came from the CAPADOCIA (central Turkey) and THRACE region( Greece, Turkey, and Bulgaria regions ) to the plateau of Erzerum near Mt. Ararat sometime between 700 BC and 800 BC. Some people were descendants of "HAI" OR "HAIK, an heir of Noah .Maybe they came from ARARAT where Noah's Ark landed in 2,449 BC. Armenian people appeared to be similar to Semitic race: Brown to white skin, Dark hair, Dark eyes, and sharp Nose. An unknown Armenian History states that their Contemporary of Babylonians, Hittites, and Assyrians in entire Mesopotamia region became extinct except Armenian people. It alludes these people were wiped out by the Noah's Flood of 2449 B.C. Maybe they are the mixtures of Homo-Sapiens Sapiens came from the Thrace or from Mesopotamia region, Adamic race, and Sumerian or the people of Mesopotamia. First State was set on the Armenian plateau in 3,000 B.C. around the Van Lake by people came from Thrace, Anatolia, Balkan peninsula. How they were survived in 2,449 B.C. is unclear because NOAH'S ARK landed on top of Mt. Ararat, It means since they lived in the highland of Armenia some could have survived from the Flood. Nowadays, 90 % of population is Hay(HAI) tribe came from Noah's family and what happened to Homo Sapiens Sapiens in the Europe is undetectable. The Author deduces that the entire European and Mid-East Homo Sapiens Sapiens were wiped out by the Noah's Flood occurred in 2,449 B.C. except handful people.
...end of Armenia lines....
8,000 B.C.: The walled community and high tower found in Jericho City.

8,000 BCE to 6,200 BCE: Catal Huyuk Culture settled in Antolia in modern Turkey. The people were hunting-gethering to agrarian society developed as early as 7,400 BCE/6,500 BCE. The Vulture shrine dated circa-8,000BCE/6,200 B.C. was found as well as some wall-paintings or paintings. Thereafter, they set a State in 1,600 B.C. This Culture is known to be the earliest Human Culture.

8,000 B.C.: The People started farming in Middel East, China and S/E Asaia (5,500 BC) for Barley, Millet and Rice.
8,000 B.C.: Mexico started Squash Growing.

7,500 B.C.: Homo Sapien Sapiens established the LEPEN WHIRL CULTURE around 7,000/5,500 B.C. and the Neolithic culture expanded to North and South of Sava and Danube rivers between 5,300 to 3,200 B.C. at sites of STARCEVO and VINCA(discovered by the Archaeology) But, people from Antolia, modern Turkey, and Pannonia (using Metal tools or weapons ) took over the VINCA community to start new human history.

7,193 B.C.: Mongolian tribes including Korean, Jurchens (Manchurians), Huns (xiongnu), Chinese, and Mongolians, settled down in Manchu region (N/E of China) including a part of Russia and a part of the current China, according to the Oriental History.

7,000 B.C.: An unknown source of history indicated that pacific islanders, HOMO SAPIENS SAPIENS, migrated to Philippines from China or Vietnam.
7,000 B.C.: World earliest farming village found in Catal, Turkey, by tree-ring date method.
7,000 B.C.: FARMING started in Antolia, Turkey, and spread to Greece, and across all Europe ending in Britain and Scandinavia about 4,000 B.C. (by New DNA reserached by Mr. Bryan Sykes and Mr. Albert Ammerman of the Standford Univ., California,and Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza in 1984).
7,000 B.C.: Homo Sapiens started the farming and domestication of animals in central Europe.

9,000 year ago: A Desert culture found in a cave of western desert of North America (plant foods, woven sandals and baskets).

7,000 B.C.: The Great Flood transpired in the Mesopotamia and the Black Sea region found by the Radio-Carbon dating by the team of Columbia University of New York, U.S.

6,500 B.C : Neolithic Greece settled for farming and stock raising, found by archaeology (maybe H. Sapiens Sapiens).

6,500 B.C.: Legendary Gilgamesh built the walled city of UR and UREK, 20 FOOT TALL, in Mesopotamia.

6,500 B.C : Neanderthals found in Assyria (found 2 adult Neanderthal skulls in the cave).

6,000 B.C: Earliest settlement of Mesopotamian State was being found.

6250/5400 B.C: 5000 people lived in Catal Huyuk, Anatolia region in modern Turkey.

6,000 B.C : Farming spreaded over most of Western Europe by Homo Sapiens Sapiens.

6,000 B.C: Greek People appeared and settled in Balkan Peninsula (maybe Homo Sapiens Sapiens).
But, Albanians claim that they are the first settler in this region(Sava, up to Danube rivers,Solovenia, Croatia, Yugoslavia, Bosnia, Hercegovina, Albania, Macedonia, part of Greece, Bulgaria, Euroopean Turkey). Farming begun.
6,000 B.C: Legumes growing started in Thessaly, ancient Greece, and Macedonia(maybe by Homo Sapiens Sapiens ).
Re: Ubadidian People:
5,900 B.C. : Ubadidian people (assumed as Homo Sapiens Sapiens, but not certain) settled in Southern Mesopotamia region (Early SUMER STATE).They came from Persia region and made the potteries. Also they built a City in 5,000 B.C. Unknown source says that these people originally migrated from Armenian Region of Black Sea and Caspian Sea. And they appeared like Cro-Magnon people, having generally short and stocky body with high and straight nose and downward sloping eyes. Perhaps: Homo Sapiens Sapiens.

5,500/4,350 B.C: The Domesticating of Animals and Farming spreaded all over the globe including China and S/E Asia, since 10,000 years ago as the above.

5,000 B.C: People, maybe Homo Sapiens Sapiens settled in Danube and Balkan regions incl. Greece.

5,000 B.C: Also, the people (H. Sapiens Sapiens) set up Starcevo culture (in Serbia) and Danubian culture (around Danube rivers) in Balkan region, and made the complex proto-urban villages of SESKTO Culture in Thessaly in Ancient Greece( by archaeology). Later the Dimini Culture in the Thessaly in the ancient Greece appeared and set the fortified village. Also the Vinca culture appeared around 4,500 B.C. to 3,000 B.C. It used the Copper.

5,000 B.C : First great civilization begun in Nile Valley (by African history). But not certain.

4,500 B.C. : Homo Sapiens encountered the farming people who came from S/E Asia arrived in Danube region in 4,500 B.C. They interbred each other and settled there (by archaeological records).

4,350 B.C. : Domestication of animals spreaded also in Iran, Thailand, and Ukraine.

HUMAN HISTORY (ANNALS for the Ancient History), post Pre-history:

Note: The author found that the Science and the Old Testament of the Bible do not agree each other regarding the Birth of Adam and Biblical History, even though the Human History and the Biblical History have the common points.

Especially the Science and the Historians ignored or deserted the birth of Adam, and or they didn't know when Adam was born. .....the Birth of Adam and the biblical History contributed us greatly in tracking the beginning of Human History because No human ever wrote it for the time being before the time of Herodotus who first Human wrote five books of History of entire Middle East and a part of Europe (475/425 B.C.).

I assume that the Science and the Historians did not know when Adam was born.

This is an utmost important factor essential to know the beginning of Human History and it has been missing in the Human History for more than 6,105 year period of times of Human History. Can You believe it?

The author found this a greatest mistake for Human History.

This Author found from the Bible providing most important historical information as stated below.

4,105 B.C : ADAM, MODERN MAN, WAS BORN (CAUCASIAN).

4,000 B.C: Found Vinca Culture (between 4,500 BC and
3,000 B.C. ) to have used the COPPER. Homo Sapiens Sapiens in the BALKAN PENINSULA.

4,000/5,000? B.C: Yang Shao Culture in China existed until 2,000 B.C.,cir-ca (Chinse History).

4,000 B.C: Semitic people from Syrian and Arabian Deserts gradually infiltrated into the above Early Sumer State set by the Ubaidian people.
3,900 B.C.: Some people settled in URUK in the Mesopotamia region.

3,898 B.C: Bak-Dal NARA, first Dongyi State ( Korean race is the major tribe of Mongolian tribes in this State), settled in Manchuria, China ( By Oriental History ). It was known that Korean race collaborated with Chinese counter-part to invent the CHINESE CHARACTERS.

3,800 B.C: About 10,000 people lived in Ur, Uruk, and Umma, in Sumer region.
3,049 BC : NOAH WAS BORN.

3,000 B.C: First Armenian State was set on the Armenian plateau around the Van Lake.

3,000/ 1,000 B.C. cir-ca: Minoan culture emerged on the Crete, A Greek island, (maybe assumed either Homo Sapiens Sapiens or Adamic race, but not certain or their mixture).

3,000 B.C: Old Kingdom of Egypt was set. The History of Egypt covering an Old-Kingdom era did not mention about Noah's Flood (neither European History). It maybe attributed by no written language available, and no one wrote the history of EGYPT before the time of Homer and Herodotus.

3,000 B.C. : American Indians built eleven mounds in Louisiana, USA.

2,750 B.C: Gilgamesh reigin in Sumeria Kingdom.

2,680 to 2,565 B.C: The Pyramids were built in Egypt. .

2,750 B.C.: People of Akkadians( Adamic Race )moved into North of Sumer in the Mesopotamia region.

2,670 B.C : The King of Ur defeated the last Ruler of Etna Dynasty in Sumer 2,525 to 2,500 BCE, cir-ca: First Sumerian Ruler reigned as the King of Etana Dynasty at Kish. Also an unknown race settled N/E of Mesopotamia around 3,250 B.C.

2,500 B.C: Indo Europeans settled in North of Black Sea(Adamic Race).

2,500 B.C: Kush Kingdom found in North Ethiopia along Nile River by archaeology.

2,500 B.C: Indus Valley Civilization set along Indus River (species unknown).

2,449 B.C: NOAH'S FLOOD TAKEN PLACE. All of the people in the Mesopotamian region were wiped out by the flood. But the history of Egypt did not mention about this flood of which is under the issue and debate. Only few Armenian people and Noah's family were survived according to the history of Armenia since they lived in high plateau. but its authenticity is in the question.
Now, however, we know that some Armenians, Adamic race (Caucasian) of Noah family, Mongoloids, Negroids, American Indians (Mongoloid ), Chinese and Korean (mongoloids) , and Indian people in the Indian continent) were somehow not extinct by this flood. Also the Europe History does not mention about the NOAH' Flood( attributed by written language not available that time ).

2,375 B.C.: Most Sumerian land was united by King, Lugalzaggisi of Umma.

2,600 B.C/2,350 B.C., cir-ca: The King Sargon (First time, a Semitic people or Semites, Akkadians, who are the heirs of Adam, son of Noah, Shem, appeared after the Flood ), and subdued the SUMER. He set the capital at "Agade" in far north of Mesopotamia. This Kingdom was known as "AKKADIAN-SUMER State". Ur was most important city for him. This city was most powerful city in the World. This is most important historic event taken place (by Semitic race). This record is in questionmark due to Noah's flood taken place in 2,449 b.c.

2,333 B.C.: an Old Chosun(Korea) Kingdom was established by a founder,Tangun, in Korean Peninsula(by Oriental history).

2,300 B.C?: UR Empire was established in UR area, in Mesopotamia.

2,300 year ago: Koreans (Yayoi people) moved to Japan (by Japanese History based on DNA Research).

2,157 b.c: Abraham was born in UR, Middle East.

2,083 B.C: Abraham's families moved back to their old home, Canaan, from Haran, and settled there, as GOD promised to give it to Abraham. Now, Palestinians have been fighting endlessly to get it from Israel since 1948 when Jewish people returned to their home land after being exiled to Babylon in 586 B.C.

2,000 B.C: Hittite Kingdom established in Turkey region and Anatolia (in Asian Minor and lasted until 1,200 B.C). Origin of race is the heir of Cannan, son of Ham, 2nd son of Noah.

2,000 B.C: Mycenaeans of Crete Island (maybe Indo-European tribe) entered into mainland of Greece (Adamic Race).

1,800 B.C, cir-ca: Hammurabi of Amoritte tribe, sons of Ham, son of Noah, defeated the SUMER-AKKADIAN Kingdom to end the Sumer State and set the BABYLONIAN KINGDOM.

1,600 B.C : Hittite Kingdom (Adamic race) destroyed Babylon Kingdom.

1,450 B.C: Myceneans destroyed the Minoan culture (Crete Kingdom) in Crete Island....Adamic race.

1,437 B.C: Exodus begun from Egypt by 12 tribes of Israeli people.

1,000/500 B.C. cir- ca: Moses's Pentateuch of the Old Testament was written.

1,200 B.C. or 3,200 YA: A MODERN EUROPEAN FOSSILE found in N/W of China (by DNA Research). The Author assumes it to be of Noah's race.

1,000 B.C : The King David reigned on Israel Kingdom ( Judaic Kingdom ) in Canaan.

586 B.C: Judaic Kingdom ended ( by Babylonian Empire) in Canaan, Middle East.

563/483 B.C. cir-ca: Buddah was born in Lumbini, Nepal, Asia.

551?-479? B/C. cir-ca: Confucius, a Philosopher in China, wrote the Annals of the LU State existed in between 722 to 481 B.C. The title of Annals is the "Spring/Autumn"(Chungiu). He also edited and refined pre-existed Book of "Change or Transition "(Joo Yuk),
a book of divination, assumed to have been written in 1000 B.C.

470/399 B.C, Cir-ca : Socrates, a Great Philosopher, was born in Athens, Greece.

425 B.C: Herodotus, First human historian, the father of History, wrote the five books of History covering entire Middle East and a part of Europe to which twenty years he worked for.

300 A.D.: YAYOI PEOPLE FROM KOREA migrated to Japan (by Y Chromosome DNA). The both of Yayoi and Jomon people found to be fathers to modern Japanese people.
CONCLUSION:

The Summary of the Ethnological Human Origin:

1. The Race of Europen People:

This People descended down from Noah's three sons families, Homo Sapiens Sapiens of Europe and Middle East.

2. The Races of Far Eastern Asians, Mongoloids:

These Races descended down from Homo Sapiens Sapiens in China abt. 70KYA, in Mongolia around 60 KYA/ 36 KYA, and in Siberia regions of Baikal Lake and Altai Mt. region of which some of them migrated also toward current Turkey regions.

3. The Race of African People:

This Race is descended from Homo Sapiens Sapiens of tropical region of South Africa emerged about 130 KYA and is earliest emerged Human.

These three Races are distinct and separate entities having the particular traits among each other. They have no lineal relations each other except Asian and European Homo Sapiens Sapiens have common points as Dr. Harding analyzed.

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------------------------------------------------------------ REFERENCES (SEE BELOW):

2,449 B.C: Noah's Flood occurred. What it was whether global or local is unidentified by the science, and it is under the great issue. However, It seems that some of the races had been survived, and may be it was a wider locality. Nowadays, we can see many human races in the globe. First Human history started in 4,105 BC at Eden, written by the Old Testament of Bible. We have to notice that, without EXACT dating of birth of Adam, JESUS CHRIST, and Old Testament of the Bible, WE NEITHER CAN MEASURE THE BEGINNING OF HUMAN HISTORY, NOR CAN MEASURE THE PREHISTORY.

WITH ADAM'S BIRTH, WE COULD FIND TO DISTINGUISH THE RELATIONSHIP WITH THE MODERN MAN, ESPACIALLY WITH Homo Sapiens Sapiens.

A renown historian, James Ussher, Archbishop of Anglican Church of Ireland in 17th century, recorded in the History book saying God's creation was finished in 4,004 B.C. at 10 a.m.

Whereas, Frank K. Park of Los Angeles in 1996 said God created Adam in 4,105 B.C. He also said James Ussher made mistake in interpreting the bible.

475? B.C: First Human Historian is HERODOTUS (died in 425 B.C.) born in Ion, Middle east, who mentioned that he could neither locate the history in Middle East in his life time, nor he could find it in Egypt when he went there for his historic researching purpose. The Historians defined that Human history started in around 3,300 B.C. in Egypt. The expert said the archaeology applied the tests on the worthless ancient-cultural specimens of Egypt, and I also discovered the Error range of Radiocarbon test method if applied is 2,000 to 5,000 years (see the details in below).

Further, we can notice the Bible saying that God saw that the Sons of God (Adam's heirs) took the wives from Men's daughters (I deduce that either Cain's descendants or Homo Sapiens Sapiens before Noah's time, and God raged on them. This maybe alludes that other Humans pre-existed before Noah's time.

Note: The Six-day Creationism in the Book of Genesis found to be conflicting with the Science and PALEONTOLOGY which recorded that some of animals, such as; horse, rhinoceros, camel, monkey, whale, eagles, pelican, and vultures appeared in Eocene epoch (54 million years ago). Also, Primitive fishes emerged in 500 million year ago, and conifers (pines or firs) appeared 345 million year ago, according the paleontology and archeology.

However, Author deduces that MOSES, writer of Genesis, received the history of God Creation from God in six days, and is not sure that God did create in six days until completion of creation of Human.
According to the Old Testament, it alludes that GOD created another Human before creation of Adam and Eve.

Note: >> Radio Carbon (Carbon-14) method mostly applied on the fossils in archaeological deciphering time related problem, whose accuracy depends on: 1) the half-life being used (5730 plus-minus 40 YRS). 2) Variation in levels of atmospheric Carbon-14. 3 or Carbon-14 Contamination. 3) Also, Radiocarbon-time Scale contains other uncertainties, as well, and errors as great as 2000 to 5000 years may occur, according to the Expert. Carbon-14 Dating Method : a heavy radioactive form of carbon used esp. in dating the archaeological materials like fossils, bones, organism, and etc. However, nowadays the science invented the more accurate method of Radiocarbon dating called Accelerator Mass Spectrometer.

Where we come from? Viewing from the above records, I deduce that we are descended from Adam (Caucasian), African, Asian, and European Homo Sapiens Sapiens.

Also this author found that the Gene Study (DNA research) based on the " X " and " Y " Chromosome principle tells that it can not mutate to other race from Adamic or Noah's Race (Shem, Ham, and Japheth).

Already the above History proved that the heirs of Shem, Ham were the Caucasians and Japhez, 3rd son of Noah as well, because they are chosen by GOD for experimental People created by GOD. Later they were corrupted and they were chased out from the Garden of Eden, then, GOD forbade them (Adamic race ) from interbreeding with other races up-to-date. .

But, however, JESUS brought all of Races under the ONE GOD to let all of us have the eternal life.

Do animals have the spirits of human having mind, soul and spirits for thinking, planning, inventing, writing, speaking, seeking the GOD to worship, to set moral standard, and to set forth the Laws, except their (animals) souls and minds for to think and to act or sometime making some tools? Of course, they have the signal, body, and the sound languages?

Only the word was given to Human by God so that Human can speak words and write the words to communicate one another and with GOD.

Human spirits was given only to the human by GOD, not to the Animals. Upon one's death, the Spirits returns to GOD, then, one may seek eternal life from GOD.

The evolution by the natural selection by Darwinism which supported by the Mendelism of gene mutation that continuous supply of new gene through the process of natural selection by which gene frequency changes to gain advantageous gene occur in greater proportion from generation to generations is really working for human beings? Still this is in question and the science did not yet confirm it.

The primitive man, Homo Erectus, did not proceed or carry out the marvelous civilization since it first appeared in 2 million years ago until he died down 300,000 years ago. So, neither Homo Sapiens did it nor Neanderthal did it.

Also, not only I found that the evolutionary continuity of both of Homo Sapiens and Neanderthal from their first appearances toward modern man is under disagreement among Scientists, because Some Science discovered that Both of H. Sapiens and Neanderthals never evolved to Modern Man. Also I found Science which is not yet sure that African Apes,especially Australopithecus, to have been as our ancestors.
But, we confirmed that Neanderthals, H. Sapiens, H. Sapiens Sapiens had interbred among them rather than evolution of each species except H. Sapiens Sapiens.
Further, Author found that the Science is not yet identified the entity of Australopithecine (Australopithecus) which is beginning point of evolution and not yet finds where Homo Ergaster (mother of Homo Erectus) came from.
This is the reason, author considers that still we have to look forward to the further discovery of fossils to solve these1 question-marks.

By Frank K. Park
(Re-edited on June 12, 2,003 )

frankkpark@frankpark.com

frankk_p2000@frankpark.com

Note: The copy right reserved by this Author.

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