105 Text 4 Final Review

Test 4 Final, Review ARTH U105, USCU	Name: ____---STUDY REVIEW---____
Gerard Bowles, rev. 11/05/02	Date: _________________

This review is offered near the test date to focus the study of lecture notes and text, and is typical of reviews offered in similar courses at major universities. It and the test cover major points and pivotal images of these cultures typical of the time allotted a survey course. Class discussion of this review is not necessary, although clarification questions will be answered in class.

MATCHING Match the name or term on the left with the identification or definition on the right. Use only letters!
Romanesque 1. ____ the space reserved for the clergy in the church, usually in the east end 2. ____ side posts of a doorway 3. ____ the space between the lintel and archivolts in a doorway Gothic 4. ____ Unique Gothic inventions--enabled church walls and towers to be taller and thinner, with more glass for light 5. ____ considered the abbey where the Gothic style originated 6. ____ square vaults that had diagonal ribs connecting the corners of the square and a transverse rib that intersected them 7. ____ medieval philosophical system that reached its height in the thirteenth century 8. ____ the "radiant" architectural style popular in the thirteenth century and characterized by slender geometric decorations 9. ____ twelfth-century cleric who built the first Gothic building 10. ____ Late Gothic style characterized by flamelike decorative forms 11. ____ Late Gothic style stressing verticals and horizontals; popular in England Cumulative 12. ____ Stone Age, c. 30,000-10,000 B.C. 13. ____ New Stone Age, c. 8000 B.C. in East, 4000 B.C in Europe 14. ____ small figure from the Paleolithic 15. ____ cave with Paleolithic paintings 16. ____ ancient city in Anatolia, Turkey 17. ____ multitiered structure thought to have served as a temple platform 18. ____ Babylonian goddess monument that uses the arch, and art using glazed tiles 19. ____ monumental entrance of an Egyptian temple 20. ____ new artistic style established by Akhenaton 21. ____ boy-king whose tomb was discovered with contents intact 22. ____ triangular space formed by roof and cornice 23. ____ architects of Parthenon 24. ____ female figure used as a column 25. ____ spread Greek culture through his conquests 26. ____ developed classic canon of proportions 27. ____ burial coffin 28. ____ Roman emperor who recognized Christianity 29. ____ rectangular Roman building used for tribunals with entrance on long side 30. ____ two hinged, carved panels 31. ____ the greatest Byzantium contribution to architecture 32. ____ holy book of Islam 33. ____ ornamental writing 34. ____ mixture of Irish and Anglo-Saxon motifs		Romanesque & Gothic a. Saint-Denis Abbey b. jambs c. tympanum d. choir e. six-part vaults f. flying buttresses g. scholasticism h. Abbot Suger i. Flamboyant Gothic j. Perpendicular Gothic k. Rayonnant (radiant) Gothic Cumulative o. Catal Huyuk p. sarcophagus q. Paleolithic r. diptych s. pediment t. Venus of Willendorf u. Amarna v. Alexander the Great aa. ziggurat bb. caryatid cc. Polykleitos dd. Neolithic ee. pylon ff. calligraphy gg. Qur'an hh. Tutankhamen ii. Constantine jj. domes on pendentives kk. Iktinos & Kallikrates ll. Hiberno-Saxon mm. Lascaux nn. basilica oo. Ishtar Gate

MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS Select the response that best matches the question.
35. ____ The Crusades to the Holy Land to win back the Holy Sepulchre brought the Europeans into closer contact with the more developed cultures (and art) of ___?, and spoils from these wars, encouraged the development of trade.	a. Asia, b. Islam and Byzantium, c. Egypt
36. ____ The renewed touch with Classical scholarship that had been kept alive by the ___? stimulated Western thinking and encouraged the establishment of universities.	a. Goths, b. Christians, c. Muslims
37. ____ Increasing pilgrimages to see ___? as a sign of faith and for healing provided economic incentives for community entrepreneurs to build a great cathedral.	a. scholars, b. relics, c. books
38. ____ Churches were increasingly constructed of ___? to prevent fire and distruction, and because the technology of concrete had long been lost in the purge of secular science.	a. molded bricks, b. cut blocks of stone
39. ____ Church construction in Normandy and England in the eleventh century was greatly encouraged by:	a. Charlemagne, b. William the Conqueror, c. Abbot Suger, d. Odoacer Ostrogoth
40. ____ Italian architects, with their roots in Early Christian style churches, never accepted the verticality found in northern architecture (except for the twin towers), not even during the Gothic period.	a. Byzantine, b. Ottonian, c. Early Christian
41. ____ Tall twin towers were integrated into the facades of Romanesque churches in	a. Normandy, b. Tuscany, c. Milan
42. ____ An important aspect of the Romanesque concept of form was based on the	a. aggrandizement of man, b. subordination of the figure to the frame, c. Polykleitos's canon of proportions
a. rounded, b. flat, c. narrow
44. ____ The Battle of Hastings showing the Norman conquest of England was portrayed in	a. the Bayeux Tapestry, b. portal of St.-Etienne, Caen, c. portal of Durham Cathedral, d. Chroniques de France
45. ____ The elegant spiritualized figure from the trumeau of the south portal of Saint-Pierre, the prophet Jeremiah (Isaiah?) holding his scroll is perhaps the best representative of fully developed ___? Romanesque sculpture.	a. French, b. Italian, c. Spanish
46. ____ The monk who criticized the rich profusion of Romanesque decoration was	a. Charlemagne, b. Saint Bernard, c. Bernward of Hildesheim, d. Saint Benedict
Gothic
47. ____ The Gothic style is said to have first appeared in the	a. mid-twelfth century, b. late eleventh century, c. early thirteenth century, d. fourteenth century
48. ____ Abbot Suger is credited with creating the first truly Gothic building--the abbey near Paris called	a. St.-Sernin, b. St.-Denis, c. St.-Chapelle, d. St.-Michael
49. ____ A very influential series of Gothic sculptures was carved on the west portal of	a. Salisbury Cathedral, b. Florence Cathedral, c. Reims Cathedral, d. Marburg Cathedral
50. ____ Many Gothic cathedrals were dedicated to	a. the Virgin Mary (Notre-Dame), b. the Holy Spirit, c. The Trinity d. Christ the Judge
51. ____ The fourteenth-century German sculptures of Ekkehard and Uta at Nauamburg are particularly significant because the sculptures	a. used the S-shaped curve, b. used the damp-fold style of drapery, c. depicted specific individuals, d. represented the Virtues
Gothic and Middle Ages Architecture
52. ____ The center of the Ottonian empire was in	a. England, b. France, c. Germany, d. Spain
53. ____ Ribbed vaults are typical of	a. Carolingian buildings, b. Ottonian buildings, c. Byzantine buildings, d. Gothic buildings
54. ____ Large stained glass windows would most likely be found in	a. Carolingian churches, b. Ottonian churches, c. Romanesque churches, d. Gothic churches
55. ____ Pointed ribbed vaults and flying buttresses are characteristic of architecture of the style known as	a. Romanesque, b. Byzantine, c. Early Christian, d. Gothic
Cumulative
56. ____ Based on art discovered, a code for representing human figures in sculptural art apparently began with: a. N.E. female and male figures, b. The Great Mother Goddess, c. Egyptian Pharaoh figures
57. ____ In circa: a. 28,000 BC or earlier, b. 10,000 BC, c. 2,400 BC
58. ____ Based on ancient traditions maintained by several world cultures, pre-history figures based on the female form, which established cannons of art that still influence the contemporary art of some cultures, were probably created by: a. women, b. men, c. both
59. ____ Paleolithic artists often used a technique called ____ to depict the horns of animals: a. linear perspective, c. twisted perspective, b. optical perspective, d. worm's eye perspective
60. ____ The stylistic conventions of rigidly frontal symmetry, abnormally large eyes, and tightly clasped hands are most characteristic of the art of: a. Sumeria, b. Egypt, c. Babylon
61. ____ Pyramids were most popular during the: a. predynastic period, b. Middle Kingdom, c. Old Kingdom, d. New Kingdom
62. ____ The conventions for representing the human figure that dominated Egyptian art to the end of the New Kingdom are found in early Egyptian art of about 3500 B.C. in the: a. Rosetta Stone, b. Palette of Narmer, c. Stele of Ramses
63. ____ A good example of a building in the Ionic style is the: a. Parthenon, b. Temple of Poseidon, Paestum, c. Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis
64. ____ When compared to the Classical style, Greek Hellenistic art could be characterized as: a. more realistic, b. less apt to express emotion, c. more rigid
65. ____ Terracotta sarcophagi showing life-sized reclining figures are most typical of the: a. Hellenistic Greeks, b. Etruscans, c. republican Romans, d. Egyptians
66. ____ The style of the Etruscans can best be described as having: a. motion and vitality, b. stability and calm, c. rigid frontality and symmetry, d. cylindrical forms
67. ____ Romans excelled in innovative architecture, including the Colosseum, using the material: a. sandstone, b. brick, c. concrete, d. schist
68. ____ The evangelist Mark was symbolized by a/an: a. Iion, b. ox, c. eagle, d. winged man
69. ____ Which of the following is a basilica? a. Santa Costanza, b. Old St. Peter's, c. Sts. Peter and Marcellinus, d. St. Callixtus
70. ____ Which of the following attributes did Christ assume after Christianity was officially recognized? a. halo, b. royal purple, c. throne, d. all of the above
71. ____ Islamic decoration makes extensive use of--- motifs: a. calligraphic, b. organic, c. arabesque, d. all the above
72. ____ The ruler who most encouraged the revival of Classical learning and art forms was: a. Clovis, b. Charles Martel, c. Otto III, d. Charlemagne
73. ____ The most important patrons of the arts during the Early Medieval period were: a. the serfs, b. the nobility c. the bourgeoisie, d. the clergy
74. ____ The Irish monks are most famous for their: a. sculptural decoration, b. elaborate churches, c. manuscript decoration

SHORT ESSAYs
75. Describe two ways in which medieval monastic orders influenced the development of art. /Ans: The clergy wrote and illuminated many manuscripts, and they commissioned, built, and decorated monasteries and churches.

76. How were great cathedrals primarily financed?/Ans: Taxation of citizens

77. The great cathedrals were a boon to the wealthy, who made money from at least two groups including? /Ans: pilgrim visitor accommodations, and interest on money locals had to borrow to pay taxes that built the cathedrals

Identify the following important architectural styles of churches/cathedrals from our image examples by writing the image numbers on your answer sheet.
78. ____ Byzantine
79. ____ Romanesque in France (minus the culminating spires)
80. ____ Early French Gothic
81. ____ High French Gothic

ART RECOGNITION
There are approx. 40 images. Please go to this section.

*Dates may vary slightly from author to author