
Chapter 6: Disease & Medication
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When diseases occur, it is usually due to stressors in the environment that reduces the immunity of fishes for the many diseases that are present in most aquariums. The most common cause is overcrowding which leads to high ammonia levels. Undergravel filters work best at keeping the ammonia levels down. I also use Ammo Carb in the power filters to remove organic waste. Water changes also help to maintain good health. Commonly known as “Angelfish Aids,” this disease seems to afflict mainly angelfish in particular while most other tropical fish species seem to go unaffected. A fine pale film (not fungus) is a main indicator which is also accompanied by the fish floating at the top of the tank gasping for air in its final hours of life. The disease seems to resist all medications and the fish soon dies. Since this disease is so difficult to treat with antibiotics, many believe to be a virus. However, 90% of bacterium that afflict freshwater fish are gram-negative (bacteria are either classified as gram-positive which afflicts mostly saltwater fish or gram-negative which afflicts mostly freshwater fish) which is why the typical freshwater treatment does not work. Make sure that the treatment is aimed at attacking gram-positive bacterium for this disease. I have never experienced such a disease but I hear of it happening very often to pet shops. The disease is very contagious and is usually caused by pet shops introducing fish that carry the disease but otherwise appear healthy. A treatment is to use a drug manufactured by Aquatronics called Chloramphenicol. Other drugs which have been suggested for use in combating this disease include Oxytetracycline, Tetracycline, or Gentamicin. BLOATED BELLY DISEASE FUNGUS When the base of the fish's fins begin to redden, I use Nala Gram. This is usually a signal indicating that there are high amounts of ammonia in the aquarium. FIN ROTFin rot is also treated by Nala Gram. This disease rarely occurs in my aquariums. Like fungus, fin rot also signals poor water quality. In rearing aquariums, severely infected fish are removed and the whole aquarium is treated to prevent further outbreaks.
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![]() Most diseases are preventable though regular water changes and by not over-feeding your fish. Over feeding leads to bad water conditions. Bad water conditions leads to decreased immune system in your fish. A decreased immune system leads to diseases. |